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4-2-3-1 crossing and finishing SSG 1
Video
Description
The activity takes place in a half field with angled diagonal touch lines from the center channel of the half line to the wide touch lines. The pitch shape is designed to encourage movements diagonally into the wide channels, which are also marked by lines. Finally, a line horizontally across the pitch divides a build-up zone from a finishing zone. Counterattack goals outside the pitch in the wide channels provide a scoring opportunity for the defenders when they gain possession. Although not explicitly shown, an offside line is imposed at the edge of the penalty area – this prevents the defenders from simply stepping high and cutting off service into the attackers, and prevents the attackers from cheating forward into an offside position behind the defenders.
Initial set-up (offside line in yellow)
The activity begins 9v6 with the 2 defending midfields and a center back versus an opposing forward in the midfield zone (3v1) and 6v4 in the finishing zone – 3 attacking midfields plus the 2 fullbacks and striker versus 2 opposing midfields and 2 center backs. The purpose of the initial overload is to provide the opportunity to build patterns and have success before adding additional defenders.
The activity begins in the build-up zone—the attacking team must complete three consecutive passes before the ball can be played forward. This constraint aims to develop the movement patterns between the two defensive mids and prime the players in the finishing zone to time their movements to the actions of their teammates in the build-up zone. Once the ball is played forward, one of the midfielders may move forward to join the players in the finishing zone.
Once pass count is reached, ball may be played forward – one midfielder (highlighted) can join in the attacking third
As noted earlier, when the defenders gain possession, they can score in one of the two wide countergoals. The defenders may be constrained to score in a time limit or within a certain number of passes or touches. This constraint encourages the attackers to regain the ball and reinitiate their attack.
Scoring
The activity intends to encourage finishing through crosses—on the ground or in the air—from the wide channels. Although a constraint might be only allowing scoring off a cross, such a rule would result in ungamelike behaviors, such as passing up an easy shot in front of the goal to cycle the ball wide.
An alternative – and preferred – scoring method is to incentivize scores from crosses through a point system. An example is scoring 3 points for a headed finish off a cross, 2 points for a 1-touch or 2-touch finish from a cross, and 1 point from any other type of score. There are, of course, different systems that may be applied. The intent of a 1-touch or 2-touch incentive is for players to quickly take advantage of the cross-field movement of the ball.
A defensive score (on the countergoals) would count as 1 point. Because the countergoals are easy to score against, the incentive is for the attacking team to quickly counterpress to recover the ball before the opposition (defenders) has an opportunity to initiate a counterattack—in the case of this activity, this is represented as playing into the countergoals.
Progressions/Adjustments
The activity’s structure provides several methods for progressing, regressing, or modifying the challenges presented to the players. It should be noted that the final objective is to develop behaviors that translate to actions in the real games and reflect the coach’s philosophy and methods, particularly as they relate to this specific theme and game phase.
The coach can modify the rules associated with the three zones in the game (build-up, finishing, and wide channels). Here is a list of possible modifications related to the zones.
The build-up zone pass rule can be modified to allow for more or fewer passes before the ball can be played forward – for example, playing forward on the 1st pass.
When the ball is played forward, more than one midfielder in the build-up zone can join the finishing zone.
Ball played forward – two midfielders (highlighted) may enter final third
When the attacking team regains possession after losing possession (for example, on a counterpress), the ball must be recycled back into the build-up zone before advancing back into the finishing zone.
Highlighted player wins possession of ball – must play it back to teammate in build-up area before starting a new attack
Only attacking players are allowed into the wide zone. If two attacking players are in the wide zone, a defender may enter.
1 attacker in wide area – defender may not enter; 2nd attacker enters – defender may enter
Inserting additional defenders—a second striker into the build-up zone to challenge the three attackers and one or two defenders (fullbacks) into the finishing zone—provides a more balanced and game-like shape for the attackers to face.
What we like about this activity
The pitch layout clarifies the phased build-up of crossing and finishing – an initial phase in the middle third, an entry into the final third directly to the wide channel or through the central channel – and a crossing ball with intent to score. The coach can employ various adjustments and progressions to develop pictures of the players and opportunities to instruct specific patterns and movements on and off the ball. The initial attacking overload allows the players to “dial in” the picture before the activity is made more realistic by adding defenders. As noted below, the activity encourages partnerships between the fullbacks and the attacking mids, which is desirable in the modern game.
Relationship to the game
The activity directly relates to the attacking phase – specifically, the use of wide channels to create spaces in and behind opponents. The angled shape of the field encourages direct movements into the wide space. The purpose of the initial overload is to develop patterns of play resulting in finishing opportunities for the attacking team. With many teams employing inverted fullbacks, the shape further encourages the movements of these players in the central channel.
Although not a direct objective, the shape and actions of the two defensive mids will dictate the initial phase of play. The activity provides opportunities to develop the timing for late runs from these players in the finishing phase.
Coaching points
Encourage partnerships and communication amongst the trio of players on each side – attacking midfielder, defensive midfielder, and fullback. The activity is designed to use the wide channel as the platform to initiate a finishing phase. A triangle is a desirable shape for these three players – one player (typically the attacking midfielder or fullback) occupying an advanced position in the wide channel, the second providing an interior support position, and the third taking a deeper position as an outlet and to provide defensive cover to prevent a counterattack.
Encourage highlighted players (attacking and defending mids plus fullback) to form partnerships
The timing of the pass into the wide channel is dependent on the runs of the player(s) into the channel. Encourage the use of the full width of the pitch—it is often the case that the players are too narrow rather than staying wide and drawing pressure to create space in the central (finishing) channel.
Timing of pass allows wide player to get in/behind opponent
Once the defensive team progresses to playing with a full back-4, instruct the players to create overload opportunities in the wide channels—for example, the attacking midfielder and fullback combine a series of passes to get behind the opposing fullback.
With the ball in the wide channel, the objective is to identify and connect with a teammate in the central channel in a scoring position. The key variables are the timing and the central channel’s end (target) positions. Each coach will have their own preferences on these variables and how their players will fill (or not) the end positions. A reasonable frame of reference includes the corners of the 6-yard box at the near- and far-posts, the central area around the penalty spot, and the two half-space areas at the edge of the penalty area. These are shown below.
Highlighted areas indicate common target areas for crosses
The nature of the attacking phase – for example, a quick counterattack from the defending third versus a patient build-up from the middle third – will dictate how many players will be involved in the finishing phase of a cross. There are some basic principles, regardless of the number of players.
Generally, the players in the central channel will be watching the ball, or at least aware of it, as they continue to scan their surroundings (opponents’ location, teammates, and the goalkeeper). The players farther away from the ball will have a more complete picture of the environment than their teammates closer to it.
(1) makes their run – (2) and (3) respond based on their vision of (1)
In short, the actions of the players in the central channel in preparation for receiving the ball become a series of reactions based on the movements of their more advanced teammates and opponents. For example, if the striker initiates a near-post run, the attacking midfielder may choose a far-post run to counterbalance the striker.
In response to both runs, a defensive midfielder may time their run into the center of the penalty area slightly later to allow the striker and attacking midfielder to draw their markers out of the space.
The player on the ball in the wide channel must look at their teammates’ movements and select a target location for the cross. Ideally, the patterns and timings are developed in both the classroom and on the pitch. The initial overload in the activity intends to provide more gaps (opportunities) for successful finishes. The technical ability to deliver a successful flighted cross – location, trajectory, speed, angle – may require isolated training prior.
It may be the case that the player on the ball has space and time to drive the ball laterally (along the end line). This can often be the better and more dangerous option unless a teammate is in a better position despite the risk/challenge of delivering a longer pass. By carrying the ball along the end line, the player on the ball forces opponents to break shape to cut off the threat – potentially opening diagonal cutback options.
In this case, players who may have started their run anticipating an earlier cross must alter or recycle their runs in a second phase – to avoid drawing defenders into the ball carrier’s space and to prepare to receive a cutback or chipped ball over the top.
(1) drives the goal line – (2) cycles out, (3) arrives at far post, (4) makes a late supporting run
In summary, the coaching points in the activity involve an element of scripting – identifying reference points and planned movements – and improvisation – “if we see this, we do that”. While an advantage of wide play is its potential to imbalance the defenders, the chaotic nature of the phase can be utilized on behalf of attackers through the development of shared understandings.
Although we have concentrated on the in-possession phase, on loss of possession, the attacking team should attempt to pressure and regain the ball as quickly as possible. With the presence of countergoals, the defending team has the opportunity to score points by playing out of pressure. A simple coaching point is for the nearest attacking player to immediately step to the ball, prevent any outlet, and close down the opponent. Teammates (second defenders) must likewise step to eliminate possible outlet passes. On a regain of the ball, the attacking team should attempt to get to the goal during the moment of transition. If the “must recycle to the build-up zone” rule is in place, the attacking team should try to accomplish this quickly, then attack again.
Adjust for numbers
As fully developed with 18 players (9v9), it can be trimmed to an 8v6 by eliminating the attacking center back and the entry of the additional defenders. This format will likely encourage more attacking success, but can help develop patterns and timing. If working with six defenders (5 field players plus goalkeeper), it is preferable to start with a 1-3-1-1 and have the attacking midfielder drop back into a 1-3-2 once the ball is advanced into the finishing zone.
The activity can be flexibly modified to a 4-3-3 (4-1-2-3) by shifting players around to occupy these positions instead.
Summary
The 4-2-3-1 crossing and finishing phase of play activity provides a platform to develop timing, movements, and technical skills in the final third. The activity is initiated in an attacking overload, but can be progressed to balance the teams and present a more game-like environment. The activity presents opportunities to present coaching points based on individual philosophy and preferences.